Camera kaihhnawih thumal hrang hrang hrilhfiahna

[Image source: Petapixel]

Kaihtâwi/Thumal	A Lam Pum	A Awmzia
A	Aperture	Lens chhûnga thlalak luhna kua. A zim chuan êng a luh tlem avangin a thim a,a focus area a zau bawk. Aperture a zau chuan êng a lût tam a, thim a ngam, focus erawh a zîm thung.
AE	Automatic Exposure	Thlalak êng lutuk tur leh thim lutuk tur vêngtu.
AF	Automatic Focus	Lens-a focus adjust lova kan lâk tur lai (subject) automatic-a focus-tirtu.
AWB	Automatic White Balance	Thlalak rawng (temperature) tidanglamtû a ni deuh mai.
Bulb	-	30 seconds aia rei shutter/aperture inhawng.
Burst Mode	-	“Continuous Mode” tih nen a inang reng a, inzawm zata thla lak a ni mai, hmehtlir tihna a nih mai chu.
Centre- Weighted	-	Thlalak frame laihâwla Automatic Exposure insâwrbing.
CF	Compact Flash	Memory Card a ni a, 7D-ah hian CF hman a ni.
CA	Chromatic Aberration	Lens-ina color a hmuh fuh loh sawina a ni a. Thlalak thim (dark) lam deuhah a tlâng zai zai hi êng bikin a hual ṭhin.
CR/CL	Camera Right / Camera Left	-
CMOS	Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor	Ṭangkaina tam tak a nei, thlalak mumal taka remkhawmtu a ni a, Battery a titlo bawk. Sawifiah kêlh lo mai ang.
CSC	Compact System Camera	Camera lens kaltlanga mit lâwnga en theihna kaw awm lo (mirrorless) a ni a, mahse lens erawh a thlak theih thung. Compact Digital Camera kan tih ang hi a ni mai.
DoF	Depth of Field	Fiah taka thlalak focus huam chhûng. Aperture kan tihzau chuan DoF a zim ang a, Aperture ka tihzau chuan DoF pawh a zau ang.
Dioptre	-	Camera bihna kaw bula herhna te tak tê, "-" leh "+" inziahna kha. Mahni mit mila herh rem (adjust)-na.
Digital Zoom	-	Camera lens-ina a zoom theih tâwp bâka camera lama lo zoom belh leh. Optical zoom-ah chuan a tâwp thleng rât pawn zoom ila a fiah a, mahse Digital zoom kan hman tel chuan thlalak quality a tla hniam thei. Entirnan, 5x (5 times optical zoom)-in digital camera-in i zoom thei a, digital zoom i hman tel chuan 10x thlengin i zoom thei ang.
DSLR	Digital Single Lens Reflex	Hei hi chu kan hre deuh vek ang. Lens thlâk theih leh lens kal tlanga thlalak kan bih theihna camera ho hi.
DX	-	Nikon brand bika APS-C sized image sensor sawina.
Exposure	-	Camera sensor-a êng luh tam lam leh luh rei zâwng. Exposure hi shutter speed leh aperture hmanga thunun (control) theih a ni.
EVCompensation	Exposure compensation	Thlalâk tih-ên leh tihthimna lam.
F-Stop	-	Aperture zim lam leh zauh lam. Entirnan, Canon EOS 1100D kit lens 18mm-55mm-a aperture zau ber chu F3.5 a ni a, a zîm theihna ber chu,F22 a ni.
Firmware	-	Camera ROM-a camera hnathawh dan zawng zawng an khungkhawm hi. I camera firmware version kha a thar a rawn chhuah chuan i update thei. Mahse instructions chhiar vek hnuah i ti dawn nia. Battery hniam chunga update chi a ni lo bawk.
Fixed Apperture	-	Lens aṭanga han zoom pawha aperture danglam ve lo lens ho hi. Entirna: 70-200 mm f/2.8 lens.
FF	Full Frame	Hei hi chu post-ah chiang zawka ziah a la ni ang. Tâwi fel taka sawifiah mai theih pawh a ni lo.
FPS	Frame per second	Second khat chhunga camera-ina a thlalak theih zât.
Focus Lock	-	Focus lock system-ah chuan i lâk duh-ah tak i focus khân i lâk duh (object) kha che sawn mahse focus chuan automatic-in a zui/man char char tawh ang.
HDR	High Dynamic Range	Thlalak pakhata a thim ber leh a êng ber dahkawp tihna a ni deuh ber. Thlalak chu pathum pawh lo ni ta ang se, a ên dân indawtin kan lâ ang a, chû'ng chu thlalak pakhatah kan siam mai ang. Chutichuan, thlalaka a thim zual lai kha a lo êng ang a, a êng zual lai kha a lo thim deuh bawk ang a, inchawihnalh tawk chiahin a lo chhuak dawn a ni. HDR effect hi camera ṭha deuhah chuan an rawn dah tel ṭhin.
IS	Image Stabilizer	Lens-ah a bet a, hmeh tawlh tur te reuh tê a ni tlangpui. IS kan "on" chuan camera keng khur der der pawh ni ila thlalak kan en kha a tibuai vak lo ang a, thlalak phê tur pawh a vêng a ni. Zoom a sânin a ṭangkai. Lens model an ziah hian Image Stabilizer a awm chuan a tawpah "IS" tih hi an ziak tel ṭhin.
HD/ Full HD	High Definition	Thlalak/movie pixel sâng leh fiah ṭha tak sawina.
HSM	Hypersonic Motor	Autofocus motor a ni a, Sigma lens-ah an hmang.
ISO/ASA	International Standards Organization / International Organization for Standardization	ISO chu camera processor-ina thim deuh han lâk pawha thlalak a tih-ên deuh theih nâna setting pakhat a ni. ISO chu hetiang hian an thliar a :- 100, 400, 800, 1600, 3200, 6400, 12800, 25600, etc. a number a sân poh leh thlalak a êng a, noise a tam telh telh bawk.
IQ	Image Quality	Thlalak ṭhat leh ṭhat loh.
JPEG	Joint Photographic Experts Group	Thlalak in-save dân format chikhat. Camera-a ka thlalak reng reng hi JPEG file/format deuh vek an ni.
Landscape / Portrait	-	Landscape chu thlalak frame a kham phei zawnga awm hi a ni a, ram leilung leh a pianhmang thlalak sawi nan te pawh an hmang. Portrait chu thlalak frame a tung zawnga awm ve thung hi a ni. Mihring/ransa thlalak sawi nan an hmang bawk.
LCD	Liquid Crystal Display	Camera-a settings leh thlalak te kan en theihna hi.
Lens Filter	-	Lens hmâwra lens vênhim nana darthlalang pan tak vuah belh chi. Flare awm tur te leh ka thlalak tûra êng lutuk lo awm ve tihziaawm nan an hmang ṭhin.
L or L Lens	Luxury	Canon lens ṭha chungchuang ho sawina.
Megapixel	-	Thlalak fiah lam leh len lam (resolution) tehkhâwng a ni. Thlalak resolution chu 2590x1920 a nih chuan 5 megapixel tihna a ni. Megapixel hi lens-ah a bet emaw ti kan awm leh ṭhin a, camera-ah zawk a bet tih hriat tur.
Metering	-	Thlalak a êng pek rual dan tur lo chawk chhuak zung zungtu leh kan lak duh lai bik thlûrbingna a ni. Matrix Metering te, Spot Metering te, Centre Weighted Metering te leh metering dangte a awm.
MF	Manual Focus	Lens aṭanga focus herh-mil.
Noise	-	Thlalak tibaltû leh tifiah lo tura mûr sîn tê tê lo awm ṭhin hi. ISO tihsânin noise a tam ṭhin.
Optical Viewfinder	-	DSLR Camera-a thla lak tur mita entlangna kua hi a ni.
Panorama	-	Sei pût-a thla lak a ni ber ang chu. Entirnan, Aizawl thlâ hi i la duh a, vawi khat hmeh-ah a dung (length) a leng vek si lo, vawi thum vel i hmet a, chu chu i zawm sei ta a, a pumin a lo lang thei ta a ni. Panorama hi camera ṭhenkhatah chuan 360° a zaua lâk theih nghalna an rawn bilh tel ṭhin.
RAW	-	Thla kan lak reng reng hian automatic-in camera hian thlalak chu a a mawi thei ang ber turin a lo tidanglam nghal ṭhin a, noise a tam chuan a paih ṭhen a, colour a tlem chuan a pêk belh bawk a, a len lutukin a titê bawk a. Mahse RAW-a kan lak chuan camera khân a lo tidanglam ve tawh lo a, a nihna ang angin memory card-ah a save tawp a, a colour pawh mit lawnga kan hmuh ang mai hi a ni ṭhin. Chu chu JPEG file-in a in-save ve lo a,raw file-in a in-save ṭhin. RAW file chu computer-ah pawh image viewer pangngaia en nghal theih a ni lo va, JPEG-a convert tê tê a ngai. A convert nan hian Adobe DNG Converter te leh converter tam tak hman tur a awm. Professional photographer ho hian RAW-a lak hi an uar hlê bawk, a sawisak leh a nawm avangin.
Red-eye	-	Mihring mit hi a tlêt vângin aniang chu, thlalak ṭhenkhatah hian mit nautê hi a sen leh vât ṭhin a. Chu chu red-eye an ti. Camera ṭhenkhatah chuan Red-Eye tih-reh nan hian Red-Eye Reduction a awm ṭhin.
Saturation	-	Thlalak rawng lâr lam sawina a ni. Saturation kan pêk tam chuan thlalak-ah colour a tam ang a, kan pêk tlem chuan, Black & White ang deuh thuak pawhin a chhuak thei.
SSM	Supersonic Wave Motor	Minolta, Konica Minolta leh Sony lens bika autofocus drive sawina.
SWM	Silent Wave Motor	Nikon lens-a autofocus ri zawi sawina.
TTL	Through The Lens	Lens kaltlangin tih-na
USM	Ultrasonic Motor	Canon Lens-a autofocus chak bîk an sawina.
VR	Vibration Reduction	Canon lens-a Image stabilizer ang tho kha.
Wide Angle	-	Wide Angle Lens sawifiah nghal mai ang. Thlalak huam chhung zau zawng a ni mai a. Lens zoom (focal length) hi "mm"-in an teh a, i dinna ngai rengah ding la, 50mm-a zaua i lak theih kha 15mm-a i lak leh chuan a huamchhung a zau hek hawk tawh viau ang. Wide Angle lens leh Fisheye lens hi in-angkhat deuh reng an ni a, mahse fisheye hi chu "wide" lehzual sawi nan an hmang deuh, 8mm ang te hi.